Criteria of writing Title and abstract of a research paper

Criteria of writing a title

• Clearly describe the contents of your research
• Independent and dependent variables
• Concise and accurate; snappy
• Comprise of major variables or subject
• Less than 15 words
• No subtitle

Criteria of writing an abstract

• The abstract is the summary of a paper.
• The Abstract is the first part of the paper to be read BUT should be is the last part to be produced.
• The Abstract assists others to decide whether to consult the full text of the paper.
• A bad abstract might  indicate to others that      this is a bad paper. 
• The abstract  must be brief and yet it should    describe  the scope of  the paper, summarize its results and state its conclusions.
• Use a single paragraph with a maximum of 250 words.
• Past tense. 
• No references.
• If there is a massive need for a reference then it must  be FULL.
• No abbreviations (may be DNA). 
• State principle objectives.
• Summarise methods (brief).
• Summarise main  results.
• Summarise       main  conclusions.

Abstract of Thesis Paper

1. Intent or objective of paper, Issue, Problem statement, Research Gap (4-5 sentences)

2. Method(s) of study (3-4 sentences)

3. Results or Findings (5-6 sentences)

4. Conclusion (2-3 sentences)

5. Implications (1-2 sentences)

How many words? Generally, 300-350 words.